Fluid-power hammer.



E. J. FRITSCH & R. W. NAZEL.

FLUID POWER HAMMER.

APPLICATION FILED DEC-26, I9I6.

Patented June 4, 1918.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1" f lfr iwek,

E. J. FRITSCH & R. NAZEL. FLUID POWER HAMMER,

APPLICATION FILED DEC-25' l9l6. 1,268,231 w Patented June 4, 1918.

3 $HEETS-SHEET 2- f'wenwmz' WMJeZ; and .Jfiiwwilp, By a 71 mormefl E. J. FRITSCH & R. W. NAZEL.

FLUID POWER HAMMER.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 26. I9l6.

Patented June 4, 1918.

3 SHEETSSHEET 3 EDWARD J'. FRITSCH AND RALPH W. NAZEL, OIE PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA,

ASSIGNORS TO JOHN NAZEL, F PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

FLUID-POWER- HAMMER.

. To all whom it may concern:

is adapted for more general use, as wher ever it is desired to effect the control of fluid pressure in the manner here applied to the operation of a hammer.

Characteristic advantages of the improve ments are their simplicity, capacity for utilizing compressed fluid in both the up and down strokes of the ram whether operated continuously or to strike a single blow and vise the work, convenience of operation by comparatively slight movements of parts to effect the several functions, and capacity for ready application to existing constructions.

111 the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a part sectional elevation of a hammer embodying our improvements; Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken on the line 3 3 of Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 2; Fig. is a sectional view taken on the line 55 of Fig. 4; Fig.6 is an enlarged sectional view taken on the bent line 6-6 of Fig. 2 illustrating the position of the valve mecha nism for the continuous reciprocation of the ram; Fig. 7 is a view of the mechanism illustrated in Fig. 6; in a second position, for vising; Fig. 8 is a view of the same valve mechanism in position for holding the ram suspended; Fig. 9 isa developed view of the cylindrical valve; and Fig. is a developed view of the stationary. cylinder or bushing in which the cylindrical valve operates.

The drawings illustrate the invention embodied in an air hammer comprising the frame 1 provided with the cylinders 2 and 3 connected at their topsby therespective passages 4 and 5 with the respective passages 6 and 7 of a valve casing 8 which is separable from the cylinders 2 and 3, and connected therewith. by bolts 9; The cylin- Specification of Letters Patent.

county of Philadelphia, and.

Patented June a, are.

Application filed December 26, 1916. Serial No. 138,769.

ders 2 and 3 are connected at their bottoms by the respective passages 10 and 11 (similar to 4 and 5) with the respective passages 12 and 13 of the valve casing 8. The cylinders 2 and 3 with the passages 4, 5, 10 and 11 are of a type heretofore used, excepting that divisional devices 4" and 10 have been placed in the transverse cylindrical openings, formerly used as valve seats, to provide the separated passages 4 and 5, and 10 and 11.

A cylinder or cylindrical bushing 14, set in the casing 8, is provided with the helical port 15 in communication with the passage 6, the similar helical port 16 and the circular ports 17 and 18 in communication with the passage 7, the similar helical port 19 in communication with the passage 12, the similar helical port 20 and the circular ports 21 and 22 in communication with the passage 13, the ports 54", 66 and 67 communicating with the atmosphere, and the ports 23 and 24 in communication with the chamber 25 of the casing 8, this chamber being connected by the ports 26 and 27 with the respective passages 6 and 12 under control of checkavalves 26 and 27. These valves are normally held on their seats by springs 26 and 27 which are supported on hearing and guiding means 26 secured in the chamber 25 by a bolt passing through the chambers cover plate 27 A cylindrical valve 28 is movable longitudinally and revolubly in the cylinder 14 by a stem 29 which is fixed to the valve and movable in the bearing 30 at the bottom of the casing 8, the stem containing a spiral groove31 which engages a stud 32 fixed to the bearing. This valve is actuated by means of a lever 33 fulcrumed on the bearing 34 of the casing 8 and having an arm 35 containing a slot 36 through which passes a stud 37 fixed to a member 38 having a adapted to register simultaneously withthe respective ports 19 and 20, with the port 56 communicating with the atmosphere through the open end of the valve and adapted to register with the port 17, with the ports 51 and 51 adapted to register with the respective ports 23 and 24, withthe ports 52 and 52 connected with the ports 51 and 51 through the valve passage 58and adapted to register with the respective ports 18 and 22, with the port 54 adapted to register with the port 21, with the port 54' adapted to communicate with the atmosphere through the port 54", and with the port 65 adapted to communicate with the atmosphere through the port 66.

The compressor cylinder 2 contains a power or compressor piston 55 which is re ciprocated by a crank shaft 56 through a pitman 57, the shaft being journalcdin the bearings 58 of the frame and revolved in any desired manner The work or ram cylinder 3 contains a fixed piston 60 and a ram 61 which is adapted to reciprocate on the fixed piston in a the cylinder, through the cylinders guide 62, and to coeperate with the anvil 63 in doing work upon an article 64.

lVhen it is desired to effect a continuous reciprocation of the ram 61, the lever 33 is operatedtoset the valve 28 in the position shown in Fig. 6, with the passages 44, 45,

47 and 48 in registration with the respective passages 15, 16, 19 and 20. Thereupon the Lip-stroke of the piston 55 will drive compressed air fromthe top of the cylinder 2 through the connected passages 4, 6,15, 44,

46, 45, 16, 7 and 5 into the top of the cylinder 3, which drives the ram 61 down upon the work; and the downstroke of the piston 55 exhausts the top of the cylinder 3 through the described passages and drives compressed air from the bottom of the cylinder 2 through the connected passages 10, 12, 19, 47, 49, 48, 20, 13, and 11 into the bottom of the cylinder 3, which elevates the ram 61;

the diiferent areas of the ram 61 exposed to the oppositely actingpressures, as well as the constant action of gravity, securing the desired difference in the effective force involved in elevating the ram and driving it down.

hen it is desired to strike a single blow and hold the ram down under pressure, as in vlsing the work, the valve 28 1s set 111 the position shown in Fig. 7. 1 Now the lip-stroke or the piston 55 forces air fromthe top of the cylinder 2, throughthe connectedpassages 4, 6, 26, 25, 24, 51, 53, 52, 18, 7, and 5,

into the top of the cylinder 3 (the check valve 26 beingautomatically opened) and the down stroke of the piston 55 forces air from the bottom of the cylinder 2, through the connected passages 10, 12, 27 5 25, 24, 51,

53, 52, 18, 7 and 5 into the top of the cylinder from the top of thecylinder 2, through theconnected passages 4, 6, 26, 25, 23, 51, 53 52, 22, 13, and 11,- into the bottom ofthe cylinder 3, and thedown-stroke of the piston 55 forces air from thebottom of the cylinder 2, through the connected'passages and 11 into the bottom of the cylinder 3, whereby the ram 61 receives the pressure on its under side and is held-up by the force of both strokes of the pisto1r55 Relief is obtained through the escape of air by the registering relief passages 65 and 66, the relief passages 17 and 50registering. to permit the air to escape from the top of the cylinder 3. 4

Having described our invention, we claim:

1. The combination with cylinders and pistons therein, of a valve and passages connecting said cylinders under control of said valve, said valvebeing adjustable and having means for simultaneouslyconnecting the corresponding ends of said cylinders so that each stroke of one of said plstons Wlll actuate the other of said pistons in the opposite direction, and means for simultaneously turningsaidvalve and moving it longitudinally to change the connections between said cylinders.

2.The combination with cylinders and pistons therein, of a valve, passages connecting said cylinders under control of said valve, said valve being adjustable and havingmeans for connecting both ends of one of said cylinders with one end of the other of said cylinders, and non-return valves disposed in passages leading to said valve from opposite ends of one of said cylinders.

3. The combination with cylinders and pistons therein, of a-valve and passages connecting said cylinders under control of said valve, said valve being adjustable and having means for connecting both ends of one with either end of the other of said'cylinders.

4. The combination with cylinders and pistons therein, of a cylindrical valve, means for turning said valve and movinglit longitudinally, and passages controlled by said valve to connect the ends of one of said cylinders with the respective ends or with either end of the other of said cylinders;

5. The combination of a compressor cylinder, a piston movable in said cylinder, a passage communicating with each end of said cylinder,.a ram cylinder, a piston movable in said ram cylinder, a passage communicating with each end of said ram cylinder, a valve casing with which said passages are connected, and means comprising a valve movable in said casing so as to connect the passages of the compressor cylinder with the passages of the ram cylinder and both passages of the compressor cylinder with either passage of the ram cylinder.

6. The combination of a compressor cylinder having passages communicating with the ends thereof, a piston movable in said cylinder between said passages, a ram cylinder having passages communicating with the ends thereof, a piston movable in said ram cylinder between its said passages, a valve casing connected with said passages, and means comprising valve mechanism for connecting the passages connecting with the ends of the compressor cylinder with the passages communicating with the ends of the ram cylinder and the passages communicating with the ends of the compressor cylinder with the passage communicating with either end of the ram cylinder.

-7. The combination with compressor and ram cylinders, of a valve case comprising a cylinder containing ports, passages connecting said ports with the ends of said compressor and ram cylinders, a cylindrical valve containing ports adapted to register with ports aforesaid, and means for turning said cylindrical valve and moving it longitudinally.

:8. The combination with compressor and ram cylinders, passages communicating with the respective ends of said cylinders, a valve casing containing a cylinder provided with helical ports connected with said passages respectively, and a cylindrical valve movable in the ported cylinder and having helical ports adapted to register with the ports aforesaid for connecting the respective ends of said compressor and ram cylinders.

9. The combination with compression and ram cylinders passages communicating with the respective ends of said cylinders, a valve casing containing a plurality of sets of ports respectively communicating with the ends of said cylinders, and a valve containing sets of ports adapted to register with ports of corresponding sets aforesaid.

10. The combination with cylinders having pistons therein and passages communieating with ends of said cylinders, of means for controlling said passages and comprising a casing containing helical ports communicating with the respective passages, ports communicating freely with a plurality of said passages, and ports communicating with other of said passages, check valves for controlling communication between said last named ports and passages, and a valve having ports adapted to be brought into communication with ports aforesaid.

11. The combination with a cylinder and a piston therein, of means comprising a plurality of ports communicating with each end of said cylinder and a valve adapted for simultaneously opening a port communicating with each end of said cylinder and closing a port communicating with each end of said cylinder.

In testimony whereof, we have hereunto set our names this 18 day of December, 1916.

E. J. FRITSCH. RALPH W. NAZEL.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each,- by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. 0. 

